The USDA report on March 31st was bearish for grains. Wheat, soybeans, corn and rice all had significant drops in their last day of the quarter trading. Agriculture commodities have been weak since they peaked in 2008 and a sustainable rally in the immediate future is extremely unlikely.
Food commodities had big rallies starting in 2007 and these lasted into the spring of 2008, when most prices hit their highs. At the top, wheat was over $13 a bushel, soybeans over $16, corn around $7.50, and rough rice around $25.00. Significant selling followed in later 2008 and into the summer of 2009. A late year rally from last year has now faded. Wheat closed out the first quarter at $4.505, down 21.5 cents or 4.6% on the day. Soybeans were at $9.41, down 33 cents or 3.4% and corn for May delivery closed at $3.45 down 9.5 cents or 2.7%. Rough rice was the least damaged dropping 24.5 cents or 2.0% to $12.215.
The USDA report didn't actually appear to be that negative. U.S. farmers will be planting 9% less wheat in 2010, although winter wheat plantings from last fall were 2% greater than they were initially thought to have been. The soybean crop should only be 1% larger than last year and corn 3%. In a bear market, news tends to be looked at with a negative bias though and there is overreaction to the downside. Agricultural ETFs with significant grain exposure, such as DBA, RJA, and GRU are all trading in bear market patterns with the 50-day moving average trading below the 200-day moving average. The cross just took place for RJA.
While the short-term picture for the grains appears negative, in the long-term prices will go up again. The ability to increase global food production is limited. There is little additional land that can be opened for cultivation and the big yield increases from the Green revolution - use of cross breeding to produce sturdier and more productive plants, the introducion of nitrogen based fertilizers, and extensive applications of pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides - are in the past. Population continues to grow though and the ability to produce more food isn't keeping up. At the same time, improved economies in emerging markets means a greater demand for food from large numbers of the underfed. The basic realities of supply and demand will eventually cause food prices to go back to their 2008 highs and probably much higher. The charts will tell us when this is likely to happen.
Disclosure: None
NEXT: March Employment Numbers Better Thanks to Government Hiring
Daryl Montgomery
Organizer, New York Investing meetup
http://investing.meetup.com/21
This posting is editorial opinion. Like all other postings for this blog, there is no intention to endorse the purchase or sale of any security.
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