A Comparison of Major Currencies in the Last Decade

The 'Helicopter Economics Investing Guide' is meant to help educate people on how to make profitable investing choices in the current economic environment. We have coined this term to describe the current monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government, which involve unprecedented money printing. This is the official blog of the New York Investing meetup.


One of the most consistent messages from U.S. Treasury Secretaries in the last decade was that America has a strong dollar policy. During that period the trade-weighted dollar (the U.S. dollar measured against a basket of six currencies proportional to U.S. trading activity with the respective countries) fell approximately 21%. The value of the dollar went down against the Euro, the Yen, the Swiss Franc, the Canadian dollar and the Australian dollar. It traded flat against the British Pound. One wonders what would have happened if America had had a weak dollar policy.

The U.S. trade-weighted dollar opened in 2000 around 99. It then rallied in the beginning of the decade (this was a continuation of a rise that began in 1995) and peaked with a double top just above 120 in 2001 and 2002. It was mostly downhill from there until it hit bottom in the 71.50 area in 2008. A flight to safety during the Credit Crisis rallied the dollar back to 90. It closed out the decade at 78.22. The decline of the dollar in the first ten years of the 2000s was merely a continuation of a much longer drop that began in 1985, the year that the trade-weighted dollar peaked at over 160. In the twenty-five years since then, it has lost more than half of its value.

As the dollar fell, other major currencies rose. The Swiss franc was the big winner during the decade with a 49% rally. The euro was up 37%. The Japanese yen had a more modest rise and the value of the British pound remained essentially unchanged against the dollar. The commodity-based currencies, the Australian and Canadian dollars, were up 39% and 41% respectively during the decade. In general, other major currencies bottomed against the dollar in the early 2000s. The euro was the first in 2000, it was followed by the Australian dollar in 2001, then the Canadian dollar and the Swiss franc, which made a double bottom in 2001 and 2002. The Japanese yen also hit its low value for the decade in 2002. The one exception was the British pound, which bottomed during the Credit Crisis in 2009. All the majors had significant sell offs against the dollar late in the decade because of the problems in the global financial system and if they hadn't, their rallies would have been much greater than the final numbers indicate.

For the last twenty-five years, not just the last decade, the dollar has been losing ground against the other major fiat currencies (all backed only by the credit of their issuing governments). The market has made its opinion quite clear about U.S. budget deficits, trade deficits, and monetary policy compared to those of other nations. If the U.S. dollar wasn't the reserve currency for the world, the dollar would have devalued much more than it did. Unless the U.S. puts its fiscal house in order - and just the opposite is occurring - expect dollar devaluation to not only continue, but to accelerate in the next decade.

Investors who want to invest in currencies can purchase FXA, FXC, FXE, FXF, and FXY,  ETFs which hold the Australian dollar, the Canadian dollar, the euro, the Swiss franc and the Yen respectively. UDN can be used to take a short position in the trade-weighted dollar.

Disclosure: No currency positions.

NEXT:

Daryl Montgomery
Organizer,New York Investing meetup
http://investing.meetup.com/21

This posting is editorial opinion. Like all other postings for this blog, there is no intention to endorse the purchase or sale of any security.

More Government Stimulus and More Debt

The 'Helicopter Economics Investing Guide' is meant to help educate people on how to make profitable investing choices in the current economic environment. We have coined this term to describe the current monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government, which involve unprecedented money printing. This is the official blog of the New York Investing meetup.

Our Video Related to this Blog:

The future of U.S. fiscal policy can be seen in Japan today. The Japanese government announced on December 8th a new $81 billion stimulus package to prop up their sagging economy. This is only the latest of a long string of stimulus measures that have been enacted since the early 1990s. All of them worked for only a short time and then had to be followed up by new stimulus measures. The same day, President Obama was announcing a new job creating stimulus package for the U.S., even though the U.S. economy is supposedly already in recovery and the December jobs report indicated an improved employment picture. Investors should keep in mind that action speaks louder than words (and questionable statistics).

The latest Japanese stimulus package will be used to prop up regional economies, for public works projects (a perennial favorite of their failed stimulus packages for more than 15 years), for energy efficiency initiatives and loan guarantees for small businesses. In contrast, the Obama plan will focus on helping small businesses, energy efficiency initiatives, and public works projects involving transportation infrastructure. Looks like a copy of the Japanese approach to me. The idea is to pay for it with $200 billion of unused TARP funds. The only impediment to that is that the original bill specified that this money should be used for reducing the U.S. budget deficit. The Obama administration clearly has no intention of doing this and the implications for an already out of control budget deficit and spiraling U.S. national debt are clear.

The Japanese were once fiscally responsible, but that ended long ago with the failure of their banking system in the early 1990s. The picture in the U.S. for 2007 and 2008 is quite similar - in regard to the banking failures that is, not the fiscal responsibility. Despite an almost endless succession of stimulus plans, the economy has fallen into recession over and over again. This should be thought of as the modern Keynesian version of a depression. The cost of all the government programs has been tremendous. The ratio of public debt to GDP in Japan is estimated by the IMF (International Monetary Fund) to be 218% this year. This is the highest by far of the top economies. It is expected to rise to 246% by 2014. The Japanese budget deficit this year is expected to exceed tax revenue. They have only managed to get away with this by keeping interest rates close to zero for more than a decade. Time is running out for them however. They are already engaging in money printing to pay for government operations and this will eventually turn their long running deflation into a very serious inflation problem.

The U.S. which is at the earlier end of the 'banking crisis with never ending bailouts' curve currently has a public debt to GDP ratio that is supposedly only 83% (if you adjusted the official government GDP numbers to something more realistic, it would be 110% or more). The budget deficit in fiscal 2009 was $1.42 trillion - and that was considered good because it was less than expected. The national debt increased by $1.9 trillion however. Intergovernmental transfers and off-balance sheet items account for the discrepancy. The U.S. national debt is now over $12 trillion and rising rapidly. Keeping short-term interest rates close to zero allows this to continue since 44% of the debt is funded with bills of one-year duration or less. An examination of the 2010 U.S. federal budgets shows that 40% of the funding is expected to come from borrowing. Money printing would be included in the borrowing category.

There are worries in the Eurozone about Portugal because it expected to have a public debt to GDP ratio of 90% by 2011. The official U.S. numbers could be just as bad (the actual ones much worse). As the largest economy in the world and the issuer of the world's reserve currency, the U.S. has a lot more leeway in fiscal irresponsibility. The limits of that leeway will probably be revealed in the next few years in Japan.

Disclosure: Not relevant.

NEXT: Is the Gold Correction Over

Daryl Montgomery
Organizer,New York Investing meetup
http://investing.meetup.com/21


This posting is editorial opinion. Like all other postings for this blog, there is no intention to endorse the purchase or sale of any security.

Watch the Dollar Itself and Not Media Coverage

The 'Helicopter Economics Investing Guide' is meant to help educate people on how to make profitable investing choices in the current economic environment. In addition to the term helicopter economics, we have also coined the term, helicopternomics, to describe the current monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government and to update the old-fashioned term wheelbarrow economics.

Our Video Related to this Blog:

Significant news came out for the U.S. dollar around the market close on Friday, a time when many traders were already gone for the weekend. China once again wants the dollar dumped as the world reserve currency and replaced with Special Drawing Rights. These would consist of a basket of currencies. While the dollar would be part of this basket, its world role would be much diminished and demand for dollars would drop significantly. Its value would subsequently follow. This is at least the fourth time in the last several months China has brought this up and they obviously are not going to let it go. So, is this important story receiving major coverage this morning? Don't hold your breath for that to happen.

The trade-weight dollar of course fell on the news Friday and DXY, the ETF that tracks it, closed at 79.88. Any close below 78.33 could potentially cause a huge sell down. The dollar has managed to barely stay above this level for weeks now. You would never know it though if you just read media headlines. One after another after another has mentioned a big dollar rally, the strong dollar, and dollar going up. What price quotes the headline writers who wrote these were looking at, I have no idea. They are obviously not the ones that the rest of us watch.

The first two articles I saw this morning were, "Crude Oil Slips, as Stronger Dollar Weighs" and "Dollar Holds Gains". The trade-weighted dollar was down when I read these articles. Crude oil was of course up, although it fell as low as 68.36 overnight. It then rose to 69.74 just before U.S. stocks opened. The media also got their reporting on the U.S. bond market wrong too this morning with "Treasuries Gain Support From China, Month-End Buying". Treasuries were down shortly thereafter. While you shouldn't trust financial media headlines in general, there seems to have been a concerted effort to report the U.S. dollar is rallying lately even though nothing in the real world supports this story. Why is the U.S. mainstream media constantly pushing this pro-government viewpoint?

The U.S. dollar will eventually fall apart, although this is not going to happen all at once. It is likely to be a long drawn out process that lasts years. There could easily be more than one sharp drop that lasts only a few weeks or even days along the way. There will also be periods of stabilization and rallies, where you will hear the crisis is over, everything is better now, no need to worry anymore. Unless major long-term fundamental policy changes (like a balanced budget, an end to excess money printing, and/or backing the dollar with some hard asset) take place, any improvement in the value of the dollar will only be short term. In those times of temporary dollar improvement, just remember the following quote from Fed Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke, “The U.S. government has a technology, called a printing press (or, today, its electronic equivalent), that allows it to produce as many U.S. dollars as it wishes at essentially no cost.” Yes, there is a free lunch - at least for the Fed. Unfortunately, everyone else will all be getting the bill in form of inflation. Personally, I have no intention of paying it.

NEXT: Market Behavior Next Few Days Critical

Daryl Montgomery
Organizer,New York Investing meetup
http://investing.meetup.com/21

This posting is editorial opinion. Like all other postings for this blog, there is no intention to endorse the purchase or sale of any security.

Government Thinks It Knows Best, Market Disagrees

The 'Helicopter Economics Investing Guide' is meant to help educate people on how to make profitable investing choices in the current economic environment. In addition to the term helicopter economics, we have also coined the term, helicopternomics, to describe the current monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government and to update the old-fashioned term wheelbarrow economics.

Our Video Related to this Blog:

If the Obama administration is trying to crash the U.S. stock market they are doing an excellent job. If not, they should all take a class in PR 101. The U.S. government announced that it is displeased with the progress the automakers have made with their restructuring plans (like somehow the government knows how to run an auto company), got the CEO of GM to resign, and is threatening to withhold bailout money from them and force them into bankruptcy. This would be devastating to the economies of the politically important swing states of Michigan and Ohio and for this reason it is not likely to happen. Nevertheless, all investors are paying this morning for this political cat and mouse game, with both the Dow and Nasdaq selling off around 4% as I write this. A crash level drop of 5% is a real possibility at the moment.

When the automakers received their first bailout in the fall, this blog stated it was only a stopgap measure to tide them over until after the election and a new bailout would be needed then. This has indeed happened right on schedule. While we constantly say, there is no such thing as a single bailout for an insolvent financial institution, the same is obviously true in many other industries as well. There is also no question that the automakers have been some of the worse run companies in the U.S. for decades, at least until the banks and brokers took the lead in this respect in the 2000s. Bailouts almost always have long term negative consequences, but this has not stopped the U.S. from establishing a de facto 'too big to fail policy' and it now seems to be moving toward state directed corporate socialism. Government management is an oxymoron if ever there was one. This is out of the frying pan into the fire economics.

Also weighing on the market is the upcoming G20 summit. Other countries, being led by Germany, are not interested in printing an endless stream of new money for economic stimulus plans and the BRIC countries want an alternative reserve currency. A coordinated policy for global stimulus is not likely to result from the meeting later this week as was hoped for by the Obama administration. This leaves the U.S. and Britain, the big money printers, holding the bag. Consequently, both are likely to have to print more money in the future. The BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) countries want to establish a new reserve currency, at first consisting of a blend of dollars, euros, yen and pounds. No immediate policy shift will officially take place at the summit, but this likely represents a sea change in international currency policy. Both pieces of news are devastating for the U.S. dollar, which somehow ignored reality this morning and rallied strongly.

While it would be nice to do so, investors can't ignore politics. Deep down, there is really very little difference in a number of respects from the current administration and the last administration. Spending huge amounts of taxpayer money on bailouts was and is part of the agenda. If the spending can't fully be funded with taxpayer money (and this was a reality from the beginning), any amount of money necessary will be printed to cover the costs. The dollar will eventually lose a lot of its value because of this and there will be a lot of inflation. The Bush administration though was at least aware of the sensitivities of the stock market, while the Obama administration seems oblivious at best. The drop this morning, taking place during a nascent rally, is not the first time the current administration has stuck its foot in it and it probably won't be the last.

NEXT: Next Few Trading Days Are Important

Daryl Montgomery
Organizer,New York Investing meetup
http://investing.meetup.com/21

This posting is editorial opinion. Like all other postings for this blog, there is no intention to endorse the purchase or sale of any security.

'Good' News Drives Market Higher

The 'Helicopter Economics Investing Guide' is meant to help educate people on how to make profitable investing choices in the current economic environment. In addition to the term helicopter economics, we have also coined the term, helicopternomics, to describe the current monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government and to update the old-fashioned term wheelbarrow economics.

Our Video Related to this Blog:

The market rally continues today and is likely to do so for awhile because the momentum is on the upside. The mainstream media is doing its best to help continue the rally with the usual bullish hype. Today's bullish stories include a 3.4% rise in durable goods, the first after a six month record decline. U.S. mortgage applications are also up on the lowest mortgage rates since records have been kept. Such 'minor' bad news as Japan's exports falling 49%, with the biggest drops in exports to the U.S., and China calling for a new reserve currency to replace the dollar have been mostly ignored by the market.

The durable goods report is being interpreted as indicating the economy is improving. You can only believe this as long as you don't look beyond the headline number (most traders don't by the way, they just react immediately without getting the details). The big rise in durable goods was led by military aircraft and parts which were up 32.4% - this is 100% the result of government demand and not likely to be repeated. Heavy machinery was the next big gainer and was up 13.5% - not exactly a consumer item. Computers were up 10.1% and this would partially be accounted for by consumer purchases, although businesses are the major buyers of computers. Fabricated metal products were the only other item with a significant gain being up 1.5%. Autos and auto parts are still in heavy decline, but there was a little noticed $5 billion government bailout of the auto parts industry a few days ago that will act to prop up the industry.

The Japanese trade numbers for February gainsay any rosy interpretation for the U.S. economy that could be garnered from the Durable Goods report. While Japanese exports overall declined 49%, the biggest drop was exports to the U.S., with exports dropping 58%. Next biggest was the EU countries where exports dropped 55%. The drop in exports to China was less than 40%. While these numbers indicate a collapsing global economy, the collapse is by no means even. The U.S. is doing the worst and Europe is a close second, but Asia is holding up somewhat better.

The Chinese released a proposal a couple of days ago to replace the U.S. dollar as the world reserve currency with a Special Drawing Rights (SDR) linked currency system. Russia supports the idea. The U.S. dollar losing its reserve currency status would be devastating to the U.S. Reserve currency status keeps the value of the dollar much higher than it would be otherwise. The impact would be extremely inflationary since we would have to pay higher prices for all imports. Nevertheless, Treasury Secretary Geithner remarked this morning that the U.S. was "quite open" to the Chinese proposal. The dollar dropped like a rock for a short time thereafter. In case you have yet to realize that Geithner isn't exactly the most brilliant Treasury Secretary that the U.S. has ever had, this should remove all doubt. Someone should also tell China that a globally neutral currency has already existed for the last 5000 years - it's called gold.

The final piece of 'good' news today was U.S. mortgage applications were up 32%. Unfortunately, 79% of those application were refinancings for already existing mortgages. New purchases were only a small part of this number. Average mortgage rates fell to a record low of 4.63% last week. U.S. policy is doing its best to try to get housing prices back up to economically absurd and unsustainable levels (doing so the first time only led to the current Credit Crisis that has threatened the stability of the world financial system). The only way this can be accomplished is to create enough inflation so nominal house prices stay the same or go up. This will cause even bigger economic problems, so you should assume that this is one area where government policy will be 'successful'.

NEXT: No Longer Gilt Edged - the Inflation Implications

Daryl Montgomery
Organizer,New York Investing meetup
http://investing.meetup.com/21

This posting is editorial opinion. Like all other postings for this blog, there is no intention to endorse the purchase or sale of any security.

The Markets React to Helicopternomics and so does New York Investing

The 'Helicopter Economics Investing Guide' is meant to help educate people on how to make profitable investing choices in the current economic environment. In addition to the term helicopter economics, we have also coined the term, helicopternomics, to describe the current monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government and to update the old-fashioned term wheelbarrow economics.

The U.S. Federal Reserves 50 basis point rate cut on September 18, 2007 would prove to be a seminal event in U.S. economic history. As is the case for many actions that have potentially disastrous impacts, there was a swift and stupendously negative reaction after the Fed lowered rates. It was clear immediately to almost everyone except the Fed and its Wall Street supplicants that the rate cut decision had been the wrong one.

Starting that day, the trade-weighted dollar (the value of the dollar against the currencies of the Americas largest trading partners) already down 33% from its peak level during the Bush administration, started selling off and looked like it was setting itself up for a potential collapse. On the Monday following the Fed’s move, the U.S. dollar hit the first of a series of all time lows By the end of September, the value of dollar would be down against almost every currency on the planet, including the Philippine peso, the Brazilian real, the Turkish lira and the Botswanan pula. People everywhere were desperate to get rid of their dollars and even preferred to hold currencies from countries that had previously been so monetarily irresponsible that they had experienced hyperinflation.

In the future, people would see this episode as the beginning of the end of the U.S. dollar as the reserve currency for the world. Years of excessive government, consumer and business borrowing and irresponsible U.S. monetary policy were finally turning the dollar into a currency that people wanted to avoid rather than hold. Loss of reserve currency status would be definitive once the world oil producers stopped pricing their wares in dollars. While this was still some time in the future, the inevitability of this outcome had now become a certainty.

The fallout from the Fed's monetary easing was unfortunately not limited to its impact on the U.S. currency. The falling dollar acted as the spark that ignited a rally in the commodity markets. Since most commodities were priced in dollars, everything else being equal, their prices had to go up as the dollar fell. A large basket of commodities tracked by the CRB index rallied over 8% during the month of the Fed rate cut, the biggest such increase since the high-inflation 1970s. It was perhaps even more disturbing that the commodities most sensitive to inflation, gold and oil, had some of the strongest rallies. Only three days after the Fed’s cut, gold hit a 27-year high. Oil hit a series of all time highs breaking through $80 a barrel and then $90 a barrel only weeks later. Most investors were so euphoric at the Fed’s largess to Wall Street, that they failed to notice that the markets were not just saying there was serious inflation on the horizon, they were screaming it.

The seriousness of the damage the Fed was causing and was intending to cause to the U.S. economy motivated the New York Investing meetup to spread it's message beyond its membership. After the September Fed meeting, New York Investing did its first videos on the topics of inflation and the falling dollar (See, "Protecting Yourself From Inflation and the Credit Bubble", http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2d8k75N0qpA). The first of these five videos were done with Alex Paul Morris from MoMoney.TV interviewing organizer Daryl Montgomery. Subsequently, the New York Investing meetup would do its own videos and publish them on You Tube and in a number of other venues.

Next: More Collateral Damage from the Fed's First Helicopter Drop

Daryl Montgomery
Organizer, New York Investing meetup

For more information about the New York Investing meetup, please go to: http://investing.meetup.com/21

Bernanke Shoots Down the Dollar; New York Investing Predicts Out of Control Inflation

The 'Helicopter Economics Investing Guide' is meant to help educate people on how to make profitable investing choices in the current economic environment. In addition to the term helicopter economics, we have also coined the term, helicopternomics, to describe the current monetary and fiscal policies of the U.S. government and to update the old-fashioned term wheelbarrow economics.

After the Federal Reserves surprise discount rate cut on August 17, 2007, oil and wheat hit all time highs. The U.S. dollar hit an all time low against the euro. Even though these markets were screaming rising inflation to anyone who would listen, two Fed governors gave speeches emphasizing that "inflation is under control". One talking-head economist after another made appearances in the financial media supporting the Fed's reality denying view. Spokesmen for Wall Street's special interests and politicians of both political parties started to loudly demand a flood of easy money from the Fed to 'save the economy' (and more importantly, their own personal skins). The Fed gladly complied and lowered both the funds rate and the discount rate by 50 basis points on September 18th.

It was clear to the New York Investing meetup that the Fed had chosen to try to save the economy in the short-term, no matter what the cost to the U.S. dollar and no matter how much inflation resulted from their actions. At the meeting held the very evening of the rate cut, it was stated flatly that, "The Fed lowering interest rates will cause the U.S. dollar to drop further and inflation to get out of hand" and "Lower Fed rates mean higher gold and oil prices" going forward (see: http://investing.meetup.com/files). This was followed up by an impassioned plea to get out of the U.S. stock market, get out of the U.S. dollar, and get into gold and silver.

While the New York Investing meetup had little confidence in the Fed's ability to rescue the economy or hold up the stock market, it was convinced that the Fed's liquidity binge would be the death knell for the reserve currency status of the U.S. dollar (Please see our video about this, "Saving the Economy be Destroying the Dollar" at: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s9K1lSA9AHE). The long-term implications for inflation hedges such as gold, silver, oil and food commodities were obvious. Even though the Fed and many mainstream economists were worried about potential deflation from collapsing housing prices and the stalled bond market, New York Investing staked out a clear position that the falling dollar was highly inflationary (also denied by many mainstream economists) and that this was the important investment theme for well into the future.

Next: The Markets React to Helicopternomics and so does the New York Investing meetup

Daryl Montgomery
Organizer, New York Investing meetup

For more information about the New York Investing meetup, please go to: http://investing.meetup.com/21